COVARIANCE.S

COVARIANCE.S(array1, array2)

Returns the covariance based on a sample.

array1	The first array of integers.
array2	The second array of integers.

REMARKS

* The covariance is the average of the products of deviations for each data point pair.
* The arguments can either be numbers, arrays or cell references.
* Any text, logical values or empty cells are ignored.
* If "array1" and "array2" do not have the same number of elements, then #N/A is returned.
* If either "array1" or "array2" is empty, then #DIV/0! is returned.
* If either "array1" or "array2" contains only 1 element, then #DIV/0! is returned.
* You can use the COVARIANCE.P function to return the covariance based on an entire population.
* You can use the VAR.S function to return the variance based on a sample.
* You can use the VARA function to return the variance based on a sample (including logical values and text).
* This function was added in Excel 2010
* For the Microsoft documentation refer to support.microsoft.com
* For the Google documentation refer to support.google.com

	A
1	=COVARIANCE.S({10, 20, 30}, {40, 50, 60}) = 100.00
2	=COVARIANCE.S({3, 2, 4, 5, 6}, {9, 7, 12, 15, 17}) = 6.5
3	=COVARIANCE.S({3, 2, 4, 5, 6}, {9, "some text", 12, 15, 17}) = 4.5
4	=COVARIANCE.S({3, 2, 4, 5, 6}, {1, 2}) = #N/A
5	=COVARIANCE.S({3, 2, 4, 5, 6}, ) = #VALUE!