Bioenergetics

1) What is Photosynthesis ?
This is the process of making food/glucose from sunlight.
This is a chemical process that takes place in all green plants.
This takes place in the leaves.
water + carbon dioxide = (light) = glucose + oxygen

2) What four things does a plant need for photosynthesis ?
sunlight, carbon dioxide, water, chlorophyll

3) Compare Photosynthesis and Respiration ?
These are the opposite of each other.
Photosynthesis uses water and carbon dioxide and produces glucose and oxygen
Respiration uses glucose and oxygen and produces carbon dioxide and water

4) Can you describe Respiration ?
This is the process used by organisms to release energy from food.
Respiration happens in every cell to change glucose/sugar into a new substance and at the same time some energy is released.
glucose + oxygon = carbon dioxide + water

5) Can you describe the two different types of Respiration ?
Aerobic - with oxygen
Both plant and animal cells perform this in the mitochrondria
glucose + oxygen = carbon dioxide + water + energy
Anaerobic - without oxygen
Takes place in humans when there is not enough oxygen available.
This breaks down glucose into lactic acid
glucose = lactic acid + energy

6) Can you describe the difference between Aerobic and Anaerobic respiration ?
They both use glucose.
Only Aerobic uses oxygen.
Aerobic is more efficient and releases for energy.

7) When do humans perform anaerobic respiration ?
When they are doing hard/physical exercise.
This happens when your muscles are working really hard and you can't get enough energy from aerobic respiration.

8) What is Metabolism ?
This is the sum of all the chemical reactions in a cell or in the body.

9) What is Fermentation ?
This is the name of the process when yeast breaks down glucose.
Yeast is a microorganism that can also perform respiration without oxygen.
glucose = carbon dioxide + ethanol/alcohol + energy